全球化时代的比较文学---中国视野
——在17届国际比较文学年会上的发言
乐黛云
（北京大学 比较文学与比较文化研究所，北京 100871）
摘要：2004年8月8日—15日，国际比较文学学会（ICLA）在香港召开第17届年会。这是ICLA首次在中国境内举行年会。中国比较文学学会会长乐黛云教授在会上的发言，以中国学者的视角，首先从“反本开新”与“参照他者”、跨文化和跨学科的文学对话两大方面观察并论述了当今国际比较文学发展的新格局、新趋势，继而全面回顾了中国比较文学20年来的发展历程，分别从对比较文学观念的推进、文学人类学和对中国古代经典的现代诠释、关于翻译文学的研究、海外华文文学与流散文学研究等7个方面，对中国比较文学在当代的复兴与繁荣做出了总结性描述，并深信：“奠基于中国文化传统的中国比较文学”，“将在消减全球主义意识形态，改善后现代主义造成的离散、孤立、绝缘状态等方面”起到独特的作用。
关键词：国际比较文学学会；中国比较文学学会；第17届年会；发言
Abstract: The 17th Annual Conference of International Comparative Literature Association (ICLA) was held in Hong Kong on August 8-15, 2004. For the first time China as a host, Prof. Yue Daiyun, President of CCLAC, made a keynote speech in this conference. From the perspective of a Chinese scholar, she begins with the new maps and new trends of comparative literature study in the world and categorizes them into two parts, namely returning to one’s roots and opening up new frontiers with reference to the other on the one hand, and carrying on cross-cultural and interdisciplinary dialogues on the other. She goes on to review in details the development of China’s comparative literature study in the past two decades and points out its remarkable contributions and achievements in the following several aspects: promotion of the concept of comparative literature; literary anthropology; modern interpretation of china’s classics; study on translated literature; oversees-Chinese literature study; diasporic literature study. With a firm belief in the revival and bright future of China’s comparative literature study in an era of globalization, Prof. Yue ends her speech by declaring that China’s comparative literature deeply rooted in China’s traditional culture will surely play a unique and significant role in appeasing the intense conflicts of ideologies and ameliorating the condition of fragment, detachedness and isolation brought by postmodernism.
Key Words: ICLA; CCLAC; The 17th Annual Conference; Speech
比较文学：理论、界限和研究方法
谢天振
（上海外国语大学 高级翻译学院，上海 200083）
摘要：针对目前国内学术界在比较文学学科界限认识上的混乱，本文呼吁树立严谨的比较文学学科理论意识，区分一般文学研究中体现的宽泛的比较文学精神与严格的学科意义上的比较文学研究之间的差异，划清比较文学专业与非比较文学专业之间的学科界限，以促进比较文学学科的健康发展。与此同时，本文还对如何对比较文学专业研究生进行方法论的训练进行了具体的探讨。
关键词：比较文学理论；比较文学方法论；比较文学学科界限
Abstract: Considering the current mixed opinions on what is comparative literature in China, this article appeals to instill strict theoretical awareness of comparative literature, make a difference of comparative literature study in a strict sense from general literary study with comparative literature spirit and draw a clear-cut dividing line between comparative literature and other disciplines so as to promote the healthy development of comparative literature. What is more, the author makes an in-depth study on how to train the postgraduates majored in comparative literature with scientific research approaches.
Key Words: Comparative Literature; Theory; Scope; Approach
论中西文化语境下对“比较诗学”产生误读的可能性
杨乃乔
（首都师范大学 比较文学系，北京 100037）
摘要：法国比较文学研究者雷纳·艾田伯（René Etiemble）曾指出比较文学研究的理论化倾向必然导致比较诗学——“comparative poetics”这一新兴学科的诞生。当学术界把“comparative poetics”这一学科概念翻译到汉语学术界之后，汉语比较诗学在字面意义上所引起误读的困惑，较之于英语概念更大。在比较诗学领域，英语“comparative”与汉语“比较”已经不是一个日常用语，而一个有着自身特定学理意义的学术概念，比较诗学这一概念的主体意义就是在跨民族、跨语言、跨文化与跨学科的比较视域下对中外文学思潮与中外诗学进行汇通性研究。本文从四个层面具体讨论了对比较诗学产生误读的可能性，指出比较诗学是比较文学的下属学科，过去一百年以来在比较文学那里所发生的种种学科弊病在比较诗学这里都有可能再度出场。
关 键 词：比较诗学；误读；全球化；跨文化借用；比较视域
Abstract: René Etiemble has ever remarked that the theoretic tendency in comparative literature study will surely lead to the birth of comparative poetics. Once translated into Chinese, the term “comparative poetics” arouses much confusion even greater than in its original English context. In the area of comparative poetics, the English word “comparative” and its Chinese counterpart “比较” have turned into an academic notion heavily loading specific meanings rather than a daily usage of expression. As an academic notion, comparative poetics refers to the study of literary trends and poetics, home or abroad, from the comparative perspective of cross-nation, cross-language, cross-culture, and cross-discipline. This article discusses the possibilities of misinterpreting comparative poetics and holds that comparative poetics as an important branch of comparative literature are likely to encounter numerous misunderstandings plaguing and surrounding comparative literature in the last century.
Key Words: comparative poetics; misinterpreting; globalization; cross-cultural appropriation; comparative perspective
影响与偏离
——略谈《死水微澜》与《包法利夫人》及其他
郜元宝
（复旦大学 中文系，上海 200433）
摘要：李劼人先生曾两度翻译福楼拜的《包法利夫人》，其名作《死水微澜》的创作与之关系密切。本文分析了《死水微澜》对《包法利夫人》某些“亦步亦趋”的模仿与借鉴，也揭示出在宗教观念、时代精神等方面前者对于后者的偏离，以及《死水微澜》在现代文学史上取得独特地位的原因。
关键词：《死水微澜》；《包法利夫人》；影响；偏离
Abstract: Li Jie-ren translated Gustave Flaubert’s Madame Bovary twice. His masterpiece, Wavelets of Dead Water (Si Shui Wei Lan), is written under the influence of the later. After highlighting Li’s close imitation and several deviations, the author of this paper accounts for the unique place of the novel in Chinese literary historiography.
Key Words: Wavelets of Dead Water; Madame Bovary; Influence; Deviation
变奏与致意：在创造中延续和展开的经典
——论昆德拉对狄德罗的改编
宋炳辉
（上海外国语大学社科院，上海，200083）
摘要：本文旨在通过昆德拉对狄德罗同名作品的改写的个案研究，分析昆德拉的“变奏”概念中所包含的对于经典传统的辨正态度，它包含了对于传统的尊重和继承，更体现了对经典传统再创性的发掘。
关键词：改编；变奏；经典；再创性
Abstract: Milan Kundera’s play Jacques and His Master is adapted from Denis Diderot’s novel Jacques Le fatalist. This article analyzes Kundera’s dialectic attitudes toward canon’s rewriting. His variation not only pays due homage to the tradition but also embodies brave courage to cut a new way for the future..
Key words: Adaptation; Variation; Canon; Rewriting
批评的漫游性：上海现代派的空间实践与视觉追寻
张英进
（美国加州大学圣迭戈校区 文学系）
摘要：本文分析李欧梵对漫游者所持的令人难解的态度，指出西方理论界近年超越波德莱尔和本雅明，将漫游性同时理解成为社会人物、修辞比喻和现代性的概念。在讨论上海现代派的视觉语言、空间实践和创新风格后，本文揭示这些作家和国际先锋艺术运动的联系及其后来的在中国文学史中的命运。
关键词：漫游者；漫游性；现代派；感知；感觉；空间；风格
Abstract: This article starts with Leo Lee’s troubling position on the flâneur and traces the trend in Western literary theory to move beyond Baudelaire and Benjamin and to adopt multiple uses of flânerie as a figure, a metaphor and a concept. After analyzing Shanghai modernists’ visual language, spatial practices and innovative styles, the article contextualizes these writers in the international avant-garde art movement and touches on their subsequent fate in Chinese literary historiography.
Key words: flâneur; flânerie; modernism; perception; sensation; space; style
原始与现代：上海的双重面貌
——20世纪早期中西作家对上海的不同想象
陈晓兰
(上海大学 文学院，上海 200436)
摘要：在中国作家的意识中，上海是最西化、最现代的城市，但在西方作家的想象中，上海仍是东方情调的、原始、野蛮、未开化的城市。但不论是中国还是西方作家，都把上海表现为混乱无序、自由放纵的道德荒野，而这一特性又与想象中的“异国”密切相关，并与中西正统文化的异质性融为一体，成为中西作家认识上海的支配性因素。
关键词：上海；都市化；异国情调；空间意识
Abstract: Many Chinese writers hold Shanghai is the most modern westernized city of China while in the imagination of their western counterparts Shanghai is still Oriental, barbarous and uncivilized. Though a large difference there is, yet one point in common shared by those writers, home or abroad, is that Shanghai is a chaotic and unrestrained wilderness of morals. Closely related to the imagined image of an alien land and in conformity with the heterogeneity of both Chinese and western cultures, this unique feature of Shanghai has become a dominant factor shaping the perception of writers from different backgrounds.
Key Words: Shanghai; Urbanization; Exotic Flavor; Spatial Consciousness
翻译：一种文化政治行为
——50年代中国译介《牛虻》之现象研究
倪秀华
（华南师范大学 外国语文化学院，广州 510631）
摘要：本文立足翻译研究中的描写方法，并结合勒菲弗尔的翻译理论，透析爱尔兰女作家艾赛尔•丽莲•伏尼契所著的小说《牛虻》在我国50年代的译介现象，以说明翻译《牛虻》是我国当时特定文化日程下的一种独特的文化政治行为，译本《牛虻》也成为了广泛影响译语社会中的青年一代的经典之作。
关键词：勒菲弗尔；翻译；《牛虻》
Abstract: This article applies the descriptive method in translation studies, especially the translation theory of Andre Levefere, to interpret the popularity of Ethel Lilian Voynich’s The Gadfly in China. The author holds that this translation in 1950 is a unique cultural and political act and explains how the novel has been canonized to exert profound influence on Chinese youth at that time.
Key words: Andre Levefere; translation; The Gadfly
魏理与布鲁姆斯伯里文化圈交游考
程章灿
（南京大学 中文系，南京，210093）
摘要： 阿瑟·魏理（Arthur Waley, 1889—1966）是二十世纪英国伟大的翻译家和汉学家，他与当时英国文学界学术界有广泛的交游，他的汉诗英译与二十世纪英语诗歌创作有密切的联系。本文首次对魏理与当时伦敦文化知识界精英集团即所谓“布卢姆斯伯里文化圈（Bloomsbury Group）”的交游关系，细心钩沉，详加考实，旨在勾勒理解魏理汉诗英译及其汉学研究取得成功之时代背景，同时展现布卢姆斯伯里文化圈与中国文化联系之一端。
关键词：魏理；布卢姆斯伯里文化圈；知识精英；交游；文化关系
Abstract: As one of the greatest translators and Sinologists in the 20th century, Arthur Waley (1889—1966) developed a large circle of friends in the literary and academic field. His translation of Chinese poetry was closely related to the English poetic composition at that time. This paper makes a first attempt to survey the relationship between Waley and the elite intellectual group in the early 20th century London, that is the Bloomsbury Group, analyze the background of Waley’s success on the translation of Chinese poetry and his Sinologue and describe the Bloomsbury Group connection to Chinese culture.
Key Word: Arthur Waley； Bloomsbury Group； the intellectual elite；relationship； cultural relation
感谢《中国比较文学》编辑部老师提供资料
