重新规范比较文学学科领域

 曹顺庆

       (四川大学文学与新闻学院  610064)

摘  要：本文认为比较文学研究领域长期不规范，未能为自己设定明确的研究领域，这种失范引发了学界对比较文学学科理论认识上的诸多误区，主要表现为早期研究范围的人为收缩、比较文学与总体文学的人为区分、美国学派比较研究的漫无边际以及中国比较文学研究的无所不包。这也直接导致了比较文学的学科“危机”绵延不断，而重新规范比较文学的学科领域，试图从研究范围这一角度出发来解决比较文学研究的危机与困惑，正是本文的主旨所在。

关键词：比较文学  学科领域  学科危机  重新规范

Abstract: This thesis posits that the irregularity and the instability of the research fields in the studies of Comparative Literature over a long time lead to such theoretical misunderstandings as the man-made shrink of its scopes, the differentiation of Comparative Literature from General Literature, the unlimited boundaries of American School, and the all-inclusive phenomena in our comparative studies in China. Such being the case, various crises always hang over this discipline, so to readjust the research fields of Comparative Literature will be crucial to solving the problem.

Key Words: Comparative Literature, disciplinary fields, disciplinary crises, readjustment

从“外国文学史”到“中国翻译文学史”

—— 一门课程的面临的挑战及其出路

王向远

（北京师范大学文学院，北京，100875）

摘要  近来在比较文学界，有人从“原文原教旨主义”出发，陆续发表了一些“世界文学”否定论、外国文学史（或称世界文学史）中文课程取消论的言论。这些言论在学理上是站不住的，在实践上是有害的。但这也在客观上表明，中文系传统的外国文学史课程及教学应该加快改革。改革的思路就是用“中国翻译文学史”来改造“外国文学史”课程，而不能将外语系的国别文学史照搬和移植到中文系来。必须明确，在中文系用中文讲授外国文学，与在外语系使用外文讲授的外国文学，其宗旨和效果都是根本不同的，也是不能相互取代的。中国文学对外国文学消化和吸收的主要途径之一，就是在中文系将外国文学课程中文化，用中文讲授外国文学这一行为本身就是中外文学与文化的碰撞和融合，因而其实质就是“比较文学”；用中文讲述外国文学，外国文学便在中文、中国文化的语境中受到过滤、得到转换、得以阐发，也就是化他为我，其本质具有“翻译文学”的性质。

关键词  外国文学史  世界文学  翻译文学  比较文学  课程改革

Challenge and Response: A Course Reconsidered

Wang Xiang-yuan

Abstract: Recently, the field of comparative literature in China struck an inharmonious pitch. From the viewpoint of original-text-fundamentalism, some argued that world literature could not hold water and thus the history of foreign literature or world literature in the department of Chinese should be canceled. Apparently, this argument is unfounded in theory and harmful in practice. However, to some extent, it also shows the reform of the course of foreign literary history should be sped up and deepened. Instead of transplanting national literary history in the department of foreign languages, an effective resolution to this challenge is to substitute this course with the history of Chinese translation literature. It should be made clear that teaching foreign literature in Chinese in the department of Chinese is essentially different from that in any given foreign language, whether in terms of aim or effect. One of the major ways of Chinese literature in assimilating the gist of foreign literature is to teach foreign literature in the department of Chinese. To teach foreign literature in Chinese is by itself an act of confrontation and fusion of different literatures and cultures, which is, as a consequence, a kind of comparative literature. Similarly, in the process of teaching in Chinese, foreign literature has been sifted, transformed and reinterpreted within the context of Chinese language and Chinese culture and thus in essence a kind of translation literature.

Key Words: Foreign literary history, World literature, Translation Literature, Comparative literature,

论梁实秋的文学跨学科研究

高旭东

            （北京语言大学  比较文学研究所，北京 100083）

摘要：作为现代中国著名的批评家与比较文学家，梁实秋将文学置于跨文化的语境中进行了独特的跨学科考察。但是自以为遵循西方批评正统的他，在很大程度上却偏离了西方批评的正统。梁实秋跨学科研究的特色，一方面与他接受美国白璧德的新人文主义有关，也与孔子伦理理性的影响有关：他以孔子的伦理理性认同了白璧德的新人文主义，却没有像新人文主义那样具有非科学的倾向，而是以中国整体性的思维模式容纳了文学与科学。

关键词：梁实秋；跨学科；白壁德；孔子

Abstract：As a famous critic and scholar in comparative literature, Liang Shiqiu made a unique trans-disciplinary study on literature in a cross-cultural context. Despite his great contribution on trans-disciplinary research, Liang Shiqiu deviated to a great extent from the mainstream of western criticism which he thought he followed. His trans-disciplinary feature, on the one hand, was due to New Humanism learned from Irving Babbit in the United States, on the other hand, was influenced by Confucius ethnic ideology. Liang identified with New Humanism by referring to Confucius ethnics; however, he discarded the non-scientific tendency in New Humanism, which enabled him to admit both literature and science by applying Chinese integrated thinking mode.

Key words: Liang Shiqiu; trans-disciplinary; Irving Babbit; Confusius

                             西方的中国形象研究

——关于形象学学科领域与研究范型的对话

周 宁   宋炳辉

（1；厦门大学 中文系，福建 厦门361005

2；上海外国语大学 语言文学研究所，上海 200083）

【编者按】形象学研究涉及比较文化与比较文学两个学科领域，它在中国才刚刚开始。在比较文学视野内，这方面的研究有时显得领域过宽，因为对异国形象的分析，总离不开社会历史与文化语境，研究观念与方法也不限于文学；在比较文化视野内，它的疆域往往又显得过窄，因为异国形象作为一种关于文化他者的集体想象，不同类型的文本是相互参照印证、共同生成的，又不能仅限于文学。对于形象学研究的学科归属、理论前提、研究对象、研究范型的思考，一旦有了初步的学术积累，就不能推延了。2004年5月，学苑出版社出版了周宁先生的《中国形象：西方的学说与传说》，丛书一共八卷：《契丹传奇》、《大中华帝国》、《世纪中国潮》、《鸦片帝国》、《历史的沉船》、《孔教乌托邦》、《第二人类》、《龙的幻象》。一套书的出版，对学者个人而言是一个课题的完成；但对学术界，却可能意味着一个研究领域的开拓。此时，或许重要的首先不是评价个人取得了多大成就，而是从学术角度，思考这项研究对整个学科或研究领域，是否和在多大程度上提出了富于启发性的问题。

黑塞在解放前中国译介情况的补遗

                                     詹春花  张  弘

                          (1；华东师范大学  中文系 上海 200062

2；华东师范大学 中文系，上海 200062 )

【内容摘要】本文根据笔者本人对黑塞在解放前的汉译与研究情况的普查，对国内学界相关的最新成果、即卫茂平《德语文学汉译史考辨——晚清和民国时期》（上海，2004）一书有关黑塞的内容，作了若干补充，主要集中在以下几方面：黑塞被介绍到中国来的更早记载；文学史著作中对黑塞的评介；黑塞艺术流派的归属问题；黑塞传记与文艺刊物上的其它材料。

【关键词】补充、更早记载、文学史著作、流派归属、传记材料

A Supplement to the Investigating of Translation and Introduction of Hermann Hesse in Pre-Liberation China

                  By Zhan Chunhua & Zhang Hong

Abstract:

Referring to the translation and introduction of Hermann Hesse in pre-Liberation China, the paper is a supplement to the relevant contents in Investigating the History of Chinese-Translation of Germany Literature: from the Late Qing Dynasty to Min-Guo Period (by Professor Wei Maoping, Shanghai, 2004), which is the new researching result home. The supplement contains following points: the more early file mentioning Hesse; the comments in some literary history works; the style or school of Hesse’s art; the Hesse’s biographies and other materials in the literary periodicals.

Key words:

    Supplement, more early file, literary history works, style or school, biography

                                                    感谢《中国比较文学》编辑部老师提供资料